兒童量子計算簡介！ （STEM/STEAM課程）

Quantum Computing is an exciting new field being developed by scientists around the world! This 4-session course introduces students to the innovative approaches of quantum computing, while also comparing them to classical computing methods. Students will gain an understanding of both traditional computing concepts and newer quantum computing concepts through this course. Plus, they'll be introduced to fascinating quantum mechanics principles such as superposition and entanglement, and learn about key concepts in physics like the double slit experiment and Shrodinger's cat. 

This 4-session course explores the following topics:
Session 1:
In our first class, we'll discusses how classical computers work using transistors, electrical current (electrons) and on/off logic gates. We'll compare the classical binary bit (with a value of 0 or 1) to the new quantum computing qubit (quantum bit), which can hold a superposition of both 0 and 1. We'll discuss implications for computers and information tools of the future. 

Session 2:
Session 2 delves into the quantum mechanical property of superposition in more detail. We'll learn about the wave-particle duality of photons and review the double slit experiment, discussing the discovery that wave-particle duality actually applies to all quantum particles including protons, neutrons and electrons. We'll learn about the Shrodinger equation in a conceptual way, and how it predicts the wave function of quantum particles. In practical terms, we'll learn about how scientists are developing methods to isolate subatomic particles in a state of superposition for use in quantum computers. 

Session 3:
Session 3 explores the quantum mechanical property of entanglement. We'll learn that entanglement, a relationship between multiple qubits, is a key property of quantum systems. We'll also discuss possibilities for quantum communication to use entanglement to transfer quantum information, and we'll explore current experiments by scientists. 

Session 4:
Session 4 discusses measurement. Measurement produces the collapse of superpositioned qubits into a specific value. We'll discuss the Shrodinger's Cat metaphor and ways in which scientists are implementing measurement in working quantum computers. 
We'll end the course with a discussion of major questions, challenges and areas for further development in quantum computing and information science. 

Note: The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) recently released a list of key Quantum Computing concepts recommended for children in K-12 grades in preparation for this up-and-coming field. This course incorporates these NSF recommendations. 

Photo: Interior of an IBM Quantum computing system. Credit: IBM Research/Flickr (Creative Commons)