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古希臘戲劇:歐裡庇得斯的戲劇《奧瑞斯忒斯》和《伊菲革涅亞》

這是一門為期9 週的課程,由三門為期9 週的課程組成,學生將閱讀和理解世界上第一個成熟的戲劇傳統所創作的戲劇,特別是由最悲劇性的希臘詩人創作的戲劇
Spyridon (Spiros) Loumakis
平均評分:
4.9
評論數量:
(776)
班級

包含什麼

9 現場會議
9 上課時間
作業
每週 2-4 小時. The students are asked to read in advance the assigned three works, one per three weeks during the course (or 15 to 20 pages per week). It is imperrative that they do all the readings in order to help them better participate in class discussion, as well as really enjoy and easier absorbe the material. Also, I strongly suggest that students either write an academic essay (using any of the plays or comparing them on any topic that interests the students) or have a creative project in their minds throught the course, based on the class material, and after having discussed it with me in private (as many times as they want), according to each student's needs, strengths and passions, and which they will have to produce by the end of the entire course. There is NO requirement about sharing it with the rest of the class.
評估
I do not believe that a letter grade is meaningful for a course on ancient theatre. However, as I often do with my one-time classes, which are always small classes (up to 5 or 6 students), I communicate with the parents and the children directly, providing my personal comments, private feedback and an informal assessment. At the same time, I offer optionally the possibility to choose between an academic essay and an artistic project (see also above: Homework section)
等級
包括
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課堂經歷

英語程度 - 未知
美國 8 - 11 年級
Advanced 等級
(A) Required Experience: 

This is a 9-week course addressed to students who have (at least) a basic background on ancient civilizations, and a special interest in the Ancient Greek literary production, or in the ancient Greek artistic and cultural production in general. 
N.B.: The students do not need to have taken the other classes on Euripides' Plays, in order to register, attain and participate in class discussion in this one. In reality, they are completely independent classes. But, it would be an asset to have done so.

(B) Teaching style and students interaction:

The learning process of this class is based substantially on stidents' class participation, class dialogue, questions based on the ongoing discussion, and new ideas based on the participants. There is not one universal solution to teach. Rather I combine techniques to achieve the maximum of my strengths and of my students. Having taught so far young kids, teenagers, University students and mature learners, I know that teachers need to approach students with understanding. After all, such a small class has the advantage of making the combined technique of dialogue-discussion-lecture feasible and efficient. 

(C) Class structure: 

Weeks 1 to 3: Discussion and Interpretation of Euripides' play "Orestes", which students are asked to read and prepare in advance. This breathtakingly lively drama was probably the most famous of all Euripides' tragedies in antiquity. It provides an entirely original and outrageous version of the events, where everyone is bad! The plot is simple: Orestes is condemned to death by the citizens of Argos for murdering his mother (Clytemnestra), and retaliates by plotting with other young characters (his sister Electra, his best friend Pylades), attempting to kill Clytemnestra's sister, the famous Helen. Argos descends into anarchic civil conflict due to the actions of this group of rebellious young people, and a catastrophic ending is only averted at the very last minute by god Apollo. 

Weeks 4 to 6: Discussion and Interpretation of Euripides' play "Iphigeneia at Aulis", which students are asked to read and prepare in advance. This play contains the most detailed and developed literary version of the archetypal mythological motif of child sacrifice, but also the one which most calls into question the integrity of the sacrificing parent (Agamemnon is depicted as a self-serving warlod guilty of previous atrocity). Euripides was fascinated by the factors which condition the moral choices made by individuals, and in his tragedies repeatedly explored the dangers inherent in decision-making. On the other hand, Iphigenia's real problem is how to die nobly in an ignoble cause for the sake of thoroughly ignoble men!

Weeks 7 to 9: Discussion and Interpretation of Euripides' play "Iphigeneia among the Taurians", which students are asked to read and prepare in advance. It is a deeply thoughtful, moving, atmospheric, and humane drama, without a catasrophic death or suffering at the end (cf. Euripides' Helen). But by far the greatest strength of the play undoubtedly lies in its articulate, expressive, brave and intelligent heroine (Iphigenia), a charming character unique amongst the remains of extant Greek tragedy. She hs not been sacrificed (cf. Iphigenia in Aulis) but lives in a far-away barbaric place in exile. Since the play takes place on a barbarian temple, on a very remote setting, Euripides compares and contrasts Greek and barbarian characteristics, only to reach the deeper conslusion that Greek ethnic supremacism claims can not be supported.
學習目標
First of all, as a general rule, in my series of ancient Greek and Roman literature classes, the most important goal is for young students, who genuinely love mythology, to read not a modern book about mythology (as they most often do) but an ancient Greek or Roman work containing the original myths.

In this course the students will be able to appreciate the beauty and importance of the study of these ancient literary masterpieces. Having studied myself history and literature at a graduate, postgraduate and doctoral level, and trained in scientific research, ancient languages (Greek, Latin, Coptic), and the use of various aspects of ancient material culture (art, architecture, coins etc), I want to bring this bigger picture of ancient society to this course. 

The students and myself, we will discuss together in class not just about events and characters of these theatrical plays in particular, but also about major aspects of human life, as they were perceived in the past by another culture, the ancient Greek culture, which is so far from us, and yet so modern and relevant. 

In this multi-day course in particular, we are going to approach these theatrical plays by keeping the following observations constantly in our mind:
(i) Euripides enjoyed an astonishing popularity in ancient times, with his accessible and memorable characters on stage who really expressed themselves. Greeks and Romans were passionate about Euripides. 
(ii) Euripides was considered by the great Greek philosopher Aristotle as 'the most tragic of the poets' meaning (for the ancient Greeks) that he was the best at eliciting pity and fear.
(iii) Homer apart, no author stimulated the arts of the ancient Greek and Roman world more than he did. 
(iv) His approach of myth, experimental, playful and eccentric is indetifiably modern and often relevant today.
(v) Euripides' plays are characterised by polytonality, which means that he was able to write in two or more simultaneous keys.
(vi) Euripides' modern popularity lies also on his simple and multi-faced works which are easily open to different interpreters: existentialist, idealist, humanist, mystic, rationalist, irrationalist, etc!
學習目標

其他詳情

父母的引導和規範
In the ancient Greek art gods are depicted often (but not always) naked. The Greek word for a naked man is "gymnos" and that is why in English today we say "gymnastics" or "gym" although our children and athletes wear uniforms. This being said, any artistic reproduction of Euripides' works in ancient art should be expected to show nude gods. I try to use as less as possible, but it is not always within my hands since this is the nature of the ancient Greek art itself. Since, it is an art that comes from an era where there were no photographs, or videos, the art is found only on painted vases, wall paintings and sculpture. Nudity was never meant to provoke, but to tell to the ancient viewer that gods are not mortal humans, and, thus, they do not really need clothes, or that heroes are not just ordinary humans, and need to be singled out with their god-like depiction. Most important of all, I want to point out that there are often bigger issues dealt by Euripides in his artistically advanced poetry. This is the very nature of theatre! This is why theatre stills captivates us! This being said, if students raise any of the sensitive issues in class, I cannot pretend they are not there. They are part of Euripides's work. Sooner or later, they will learn that Euripides and Greek literature are the basis of western literature, considered masterpieces and world intellectual heritage, and that this does not mean they are polished, good-looking Hollywood movies. Humans are not like this, and the ancient Greek theatre reflects that. Truth is that I can change neither Greek art nor Greek literature. Only, to put them in their own historical context. My best weapon is that the ancient Greek artists do not use sensitive topics to horrify or entertain, but to provoke people change their way of thinking where there is wrong, educate and sensibilize society or, at least, explain deeper ideas.
供應清單
A great series of translations, Oxford World's Classics, which comes from a leading publication house in classical studies, the Oxford University Press, includes a translation of Euripides' four theatrical plays we will be discussing in this class, but in two different volumes! Both exist as paperback or digital and at a reasonable price, though. This is the translation I always prefer for myself!
外部資源
學習者無需使用標準 Outschool 工具以外的任何應用程式或網站。
已加入 March, 2020
4.9
776評論
教師檔案
教師專業知識和證書
I have a BA in ancient Greek History and Archaeology, an MA in ancient Greek Archaeology and History of Art and an MA in the History and Philosophy of Religions, and I am a PhD Candidate of Religions and Cultures, specialized in ancient Greek and Roman religions and cultures. Using ancient primary sources, like the works of Euripides, is necessary in my scientific work and in my professional career as teacher. 
My experience includes teaching on OutSchool the Iliad, the Odyssey, the Argonautica, the Aeneid, and partially many historical sources (Thucydides, Herodotus, Xenophon, Livy, Polybius, Cicero, Caesar, Suetonius and Tacitus, amonst others). 

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US$22

每週或US$198 用於 9 課程
每週1次,共 9 週
60 分鐘

有6 位學習者完成此課程
即時視訊會議
年齡: 13-17
3-6 每班學員人數

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